LIVE: Launch of ISRO's Aditya L1 at 11:50 AM

Aditya L1 will be the first Indian mission to study the Sun. This spacecraft will reach Lagrange Point-1 (L1) 4 months after launch. There is no effect of eclipse on this point, due to which the Sun can be easily studied from here. The estimated cost of this mission is Rs 378 crore.

​Aditya Spacecraft will take about 120 days i.e. 4 months to reach L1 point. These 120 days will end on 31 December 2023. If the mission is successful and Aditya spacecraft reaches Lagrangian point 1, then this will be the second major achievement for ISRO in 2023.

What is Lagrange Point-1 (L1)?
The Lagrange point is named after the Italian-French mathematician Joseph-Louis Lagrange. It is colloquially known as L1. There are five such points between the Earth and the Sun, where the gravitational force of the Sun and the Earth gets balanced and centrifugal force is created.
In such a situation, if any object is kept at this place then it easily remains stable between the two and less energy is also required. The first Lagrange point is at a distance of 1.5 million kilometers between the Earth and the Sun.

Eclipse ineffective at L1 point, hence being sent here
Aditya spacecraft will be placed in a halo orbit between the Sun and the Earth. ISRO says that the satellite placed in the halo orbit around the L1 point can see the Sun continuously without any eclipse. With this, real time solar activities and space weather can also be monitored.
7 instruments of Aditya L1 will understand the Sun
Aditya Yan will understand the storms arising on the Sun by staying at L1 i.e. Lagrangian point of Sun-Earth. It will test the orbit around the Lagrangian point, the photosphere, the chromosphere and the outermost layer of the corona through 7 instruments from different web bands.
Aditya L1's seven instruments will provide information to understand coronal heating, coronal mass ejection, characteristics of pre-flare and flare activities, movement of particles and space weather. Aditya L-1 will study the solar corona and its heating mechanism.

7 payloads will go with Aditya L1
The names of the seven instruments that will be sent with the Aditya L1 mission are – Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC), Solar Ultra-Violet Imaging Telescope (SUIT), Aditya Solar Wind Particle Experiment (ASPEX), Plasma Analyst Package for Aditya (PAPA). , Solar Low Energy X-ray Spectrometer (SoLEXS), High Energy L1 Orbiting X-ray Spectrometer (HEL1OS) and Magnetometer payload.
The Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC) instrument will study the dynamics of the solar corona and coronal mass ejections.
The Solar Ultra-Violet Imaging Telescope (SUIT) instrument will image the solar photosphere and chromosphere at near ultraviolet wavelengths and study changes in solar irradiance (light energy coming from the Sun to Earth).
The Aditya Solar Wind Particle Experiment (ASPEX) and Plasma Analyst Package for Aditya (PAPA) instruments will study the solar wind (solar storm that arises around the Sun) and energetic particles. This payload will also study the energy distribution of these particles.

The Solar Low Energy X-ray Spectrometer (SoLEXS) and the High Energy L1 Orbiting
The magnetometer equipment will study the magnetic field between the planets at the L1 point.

Aditya L1 Made In India
According to an ISRO official, Aditya L1 is a completely indigenous effort with the participation of the country's institutions. Its payload was created by the Visible Emission Line Coronagraph at the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA), Bengaluru. While the Inter-University Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics Pune has developed the Solar Ultraviolet Imager payload for the mission.

Why is the study of the Sun necessary?
The Sun is the center of the solar system in which our Earth exists. All the eight planets revolve around the Sun. There is life on earth because of the Sun. Energy flows continuously from the Sun. We call them charged particles. By studying the Sun, it can be understood how changes in the Sun can affect space and life on Earth.